Thick blood smears require larger volumes of blood than the thin blood smears. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Standardization of blood smears prepared in transparent acetate. The three main blood cells that the test focuses on are. Thick blood smear and thin blood smear parasitology. The blood films must be laked before or during staining to rupture all the rbc so that only wbc, platelets and parasites are visualized. Blood films that are too thin or too thick present a problem.
Blood film is a smear of a blood sample made on a microscope slide to help in diagnosis. What is the difference between thick and thin blood smears. The purpose of preparation of blood smear blood film is to study the morphology of rbcs, differential leukocyte count and reticulocyte count. This occurs when there is inadequate contact with the stain. The highest yield of peripheral parasites occurs during or soon after a fever spike. Giemsa staining technique principle, preparation, procedure. Scope and application this procedure describes the preparation of thin blood films thin blood films are used differential leucocyte count, the detection of abnormal erythrocytes. Without delay, the blood was spread with a glass spreader held at a steep angle to achieve a thick smear covering an area of 15 x 15mm.
Prepare a blood smear according to the instructions. Thick blood smear and thin blood smear differs in their definition, uses and sensitivity and these are. Preparation of thick blood films and giemsa staining projectstudy. Making of smear smear simple mean the preparation of sample for microscopic examination on a microscopic slide. It takes considerable practice to consistently make perfect blood smears.
A blood filmor peripheral blood smear is a thin layer of blood smeared on a glass microscope slide and then stained in such a way as to allow the various blood cells to be examined microscopically. Using a glass slide with smooth edges, spread the blood and allow it to air dry. The thin blood film should be thick enough at the starting point 1, becoming less thick in the middle 2, and have a flamelike shape at the end 3. Thick films contain several layers of red cells, whereas thin films contain a single layer of spread red cells. The slide consists of a blood smear that is exactly one cell thick in the feathered edge when viewed microscopically. Learn about the different types of tests doctors use to test for malaria in your body and how the exam is performed. Thick films are more difficult to interpret but greatly increase sensitivity by concentrating cells and organisms. Density is usually assessed by thick films, either by counting parasites per microscope field, or by counting parasites per hundred white blood cells.
A blood smear, thick and or thin, is run once each month or with each staining procedure if done less often than once each month. Blood smear preparation medicine flashcards quizlet. The thick blood films are used for microscopic detection of plasmodium parasites, the causal. Thick blood smear using the corner of a clean slide, spread the drop of blood in a circle the size of a dime diameter 12 cm. Procedure for thick and thin blood film staining technique.
Thick blood smears are most useful for detecting the presence of parasites. Without delay, the blood was spread with a glass spreader held at a steep angle to achieve a thick smear. Since the smear is not fixed with methanol, the red blood cells rbcs lyse, permitting better visualization of the organisms. As lukasz frackowski explains, the thick smear is used to make the diagnosis of malaria as it is a concentration technique. If you are using venous blood, blood smears should be prepared as soon as. This method produces a gradual decrease in thickness of the blood from thick to thin ends with the smear terminating in a feathered edge approximately 2 mm long. A thick blood smear is said to be a drop of blood on a glass slide. The thin film allows for the observation of rbc morphology, inclusions, and intracellular and extracellular parasites. After blood collection or finger pricking, use a clean slide and take 3 drops of blood for thick smear and one drop for thin smear about one centimeter apart. If there will be a delay in staining smears, dip the thick smear. The smear allows the various components of the blood to be viewed through the microscope. Wear gloves and label alcohol cleaned slides with patients name and date of collection.
A fresh, wellmade, peripheral blood film is crucial for accurate cell morphology assessment. L edta blood was then used for the simultaneous preparation of two thin and thick smear slides, one stained according to giemsa and the other according to leishmans method. What are the advantages of thin blood smear and thick. A thick blood smear is a drop of blood on a glass slide. Kindly post the procedure of thick smear preparation. Procedure for thick blood film staining technique a thick film was made by placing a large drop of blood about 15mm in size on the centre of greasefree microscopic slide. Thin blood smears helps to discover which species of parasite is causing the infection. A thin blood smear will identify the species of the malaria parasite.
Thick and thin blood films procedure laboratory stack. Dec 07, 2017 thin smear or film is a drop of blood that is spread across a large area of the slide and allows to identify the species because the parasite appearance is best preserved in this preparation while thick films allow to screen larger volume of blood and more sensitive than thin films meaning that it highly detects the presence of parasites. The combination thick thin blood film provides both options on one glass slide and the slide can be stained as either a thick or thin blood film. Difference between thick blood smears and thin blood smears. The thick blood film permits the examination of a large amount of blood for the presence of parasites. What is the difference between thick and thin blood smears in. Clean slides with 70 to 90% alcohol and allow to dry. Thick and thin blood smears for malaria cs mott childrens. Take a single drop of blood from a mixed sample container and place to one end of a labelled clean slide. I have been previously using a thin blood smear and staining using leishmans stain. The extra time and care taken during the field season will be rewarded later when the smears must be scanned, and parasites identified and counted. Proper preparation of the blood smear is critical for obtaining accurate results on the differential.
Definition,differences between thick blood smear and thin. This video shows the procedure for making thick and thin blood smear. But when ive looked under the microscope, the slides appear to. Comparing leishman and giemsa staining for the assessment of. A frog blood smear is a thin layer of frogs blood that has been carefully spread on a glass microscope slide. Two easy methods for blood film preparation and staining. Nov 08, 2006 twice daily blood samples were taken from day 6 until day 14, then daily until day 21. Good color differentiation of red and white cells is an indication of a good quality stain. Difference between thick blood smears and thin blood. But when ive looked under the microscope, the slides appear to only have platelets present, and have no other. Appearance of an acceptable blood smear the perfect blood smear has a feathered edge that is nearly square, has a rainbow sheen when reflecting the light and is exactly one cell thick in the feathered edge when viewed microscopically. The blood elements including parasites, if any are more concentrated app.
Making and staining a blood smear university of vermont. Thin blood smears helps doctors discover what species of malaria is causing. Thin films are similar to usual blood films and allow species identification, because the parasites appearance is best preserved in this preparation. Sep 17, 2015 a thin blood smear is usually a drop of blood that is widening over an extensive range of the slide.
A lab technician, doctor, or nurse will take some of your blood and send it to a lab to be stained to make any. Malaria, rapid screen and giemsa stain arup lab test. Thick and thin blood smear procedure linkedin slideshare. Making and staining a blood smear a wellmade blood smear is a beauty to behold, and likely to yield interesting and significant information for a research project. Prepare a thin and thick smear of the specimen on the same slide which can be done by dividing the slides into two parts and then making the thin smear on one side and thick on the other side.
The smear is greater than 25 mm long and the feathered edge stops approximately 10 mm from the end of the slide. What is the difference between thick and thin blood smears in the. Repeat with several slides at least two thick and two thin smears should be made. The clinical pathology laboratory uses the wedge technique for preparation of blood smears. A thick blood smear is made by spreading a large blood drop in a small area of about 1 cm which provides a better opportunity to detect various parasitic forms against a more. If fixed prior to staining, then the smear will be read as a thin blood film. Thick and thin blood smear for malaria diagnosis learn. Dec 30, 2019 i have been previously using a thin blood smear and staining using leishmans stain. How to perform a proper thick and thin smear for malaria diagnosis duration. Thus, thick smears allow a more efficient detection of parasites increased sensitivity.
Thick blood smear for diagnosis of blood protozoan parasites and blood abnormalities eg. From the thick film, an experienced microscopist can detect all parasites they. Thick smears consist of a thick layer of dehemoglobinized lysed red blood cells rbcs. Preparation thin blood films and giemsa staining projectstudy. Thick blood smear and thin blood smear parasitology online. The video describes the preparation and interpretation of a malarial thick smear for the detection of malarial parasites. For very thin cytology smears and for blood smears, 5 or 6 dips in the fixative solution should be adequate, but for thick cytology smears, up to 120 seconds may be required for adequate fixation. The blood film is one of the worlds most widely used laboratory tests for screening, case finding, diagnosis, and monitoring of disease. Thin smears are made as per routine hematology differentials. Thick blood smear and thin blood smear differs in their definition, uses and sensitivity and these are given below. Insufficiently dried smears andor smears that are too thick. Thick and thin blood smears will let doctors know the percentage of red blood cells that are infected parasite density and what type of parasites are present.
A blood filmor peripheral blood smearis a thin layer of blood smeared on a glass. Preparation of thick blood films and giemsa staining. Thick films allow the microscopist to screen a larger volume of blood and are about eleven times more sensitive than the thin film, so picking up low levels of infection is easier on the thick. For best results, send five 5 thin blood smears unstained, unfixed and five 5 thick smears unstained, unfixed in addition to whole blood. Jul 24, 2019 after blood collection or finger pricking, use a clean slide and take 3 drops of blood for thick smear and one drop for thin smear about one centimeter apart. Thin blood smear for demonstration and differentiation of leukocytes. Microscopy of thick blood films is the usual diagnostic test for plasmodium falciparum malaria.
The direct microscopic visualization of the malarial parasite on the thick andor thin blood smears has been the gold standard for malaria diagnosis. If blood does not well up, gently squeeze the finger. Blood films are examined in the investigation of hematological blood disorders and are routinely employed to look for blood parasites, such as those of malaria and filariasis. Thin blood smears assists specialists with discovering what types of malaria is creating the disease. Thick and thin blood smears for malaria my health alberta. These are the most common and accurate malaria tests. Thick and thin blood smears were also prepared using the conventional method on glass slides. A blood film or peripheral blood smear is a thin layer of blood smeared on a microscope slide and then stained in such a way to allow the various blood cells to be examined microscopically. Thick and thin blood smears for malaria michigan medicine. May 22, 2018 making of smear smear simple mean the preparation of sample for microscopic examination on a microscopic slide. The blood smear does not have to be positive for blood parasites. Apr 05, 2018 a thick blood smear is a drop of blood on a glass slide.
A thin blood smear is a drop of blood that is spread across a large area of the. A blood smear is a blood test used to look for abnormalities in blood cells. Label precleaned slides preferably frostedend with patients name or other identifier, date and time of collection. The thin smear keeps the red blood cells intact and as moses ngeiywa. Thick blood film examination for plasmodium falciparum. Parasites smear giemsa stain, blood arup lab test directory. Using a micropipette, place 6 l of blood for the thick lm and 2 3 l for the thin lm as shown on the template in figure 1.
Preparation of thick and thin blood smears, appropriate staining procedure and detection and identification of hemoparasites are crucial to clinical diagnosis of many parasitic diseases. Fixation of the thin smear was done in a covered staining jar containing anhydrous methanol for 1 to 2 min, after which the slides were airdried. This information is important to prevent or anticipate lifethreatening complications if p. Thin and thick blood smears should be prepared immediately or within 1 hour after collection. What are the advantages of thin blood smear and thick blood. Normally, peripheral blood is used to prepare smears and depending on the function of the smear, two types of smear can be prepared. Three thick and thin smears 1224 hours apart should be obtained. Thick blood smear showing trypanosoma species staining the thin and thick blood smear on the same slide with giemsa stain. There are about three types of blood films in haematology, which includes.
To prepare a monolayer blood slide, follow these steps. Smears must be prepared within 1 hour of collection. Submit 2 thin smears, 2 thick smears, and edta tube if available. The drop should be in the center line of the glass slide. Thick and thin blood smears for malaria cs mott children. While transferring blood with a micropipette to a slide, it is advisable to use reversepipetting to prevent the formation. Dec 08, 2006 the clinical pathology laboratory uses the wedge technique for preparation of blood smears. These include species of malaria, trypanosomes, babesias and microfilariae of filarial nematodes. Differences between thick blood smear and thin blood smear. Scope and application this procedure describes the preparation of thick blood films.
A thin blood smear is a drop of blood that is spread across a large area of the slide. Extremely thin films caused by too small a drop, too slow. You may want to ask whether a thick or thin blood smear, or both, is planned. Thick smears are made by dropping 10 to 20 l of blood onto a slide and spreading it into a dimesized area with a glass, wooden, or plastic applicator. Preparation of blood smear with different staining method dr. Volunteers were treated when a single parasite was seen by blood film, after the appearance of the parasite was confirmed by a second microscopist. The direct microscopic visualization of the malarial parasite on the thick andor thin blood smears. At least 100 high powered fields of a thick blood film were viewed and quantitative pcr performed on each sample. Blood smears are the most reliable tests for malaria. Learn the main differences between thick blood smear and thin blood smear. Thick blood smears are most useful for detecting the presence of parasites, because they examine a larger sample of blood.
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